Bill+of+Rights


 * [|First Amendment]: addresses the rights of [|freedom of religion] (prohibiting the Congress [|establishment of religion] over another religion through Law and protecting the right to [|free exercise of religion]), [|freedom of speech], [|freedom of the press], the [|freedom of assembly], and [|freedom of petition].
 * [|Second Amendment]: declares "a well regulated militia" as "necessary to the security of a free State", and as explanation for prohibiting infringement of "the right of the people to keep and bear arms."
 * [|Third Amendment]: prohibits the government from using private homes as quarters for soldiers without the consent of the owners. The only existing case law regarding this amendment is a lower court decision in the case of [|Engblom v. Carey]. [|[1]]
 * [|Fourth Amendment]: guards against searches, arrests, and seizures of [|property] without a specific warrant or a "probable cause" to believe a crime has been committed. Some rights to privacy have been inferred from this amendment and others by the [|Supreme Court].
 * [|Fifth Amendment]: forbids [|trial] for a major [|crime] except after [|indictment] by a [|grand jury]; prohibits [|double jeopardy] (repeated trials), except in certain very limited circumstances; forbids punishment without [|due process] of law; and provides that an accused person may not be compelled to testify against himself (this is also known as "[|Taking the fifth]" or "Pleading the fifth"). This is regarded as the "rights of the accused" amendment. It also prohibits government from taking private property without "[|just compensation]," the basis of [|eminent domain] in the United States.
 * [|Sixth Amendment]: guarantees a speedy public trial for criminal offenses. It requires trial by a [|jury] (of peers), guarantees the right to [|legal counsel] for the accused, and guarantees that the accused may require [|witnesses] to attend the trial and testify in the presence of the accused. It also guarantees the accused a right to know the charges against him. The Sixth Amendment has several court cases associated with it, including //[|Powell v. Alabama]//, //[|United States v. Wong Kim Ark]//, //[|Gideon v. Wainwright]//, and //[|Crawford v. Washington]//. In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled that the fifth amendment prohibition on forced self incrimination and the sixth amendment clause on right to counsel were to be made known to all persons placed under arrest, and these clauses have become known as the [|Miranda rights].
 * [|Seventh Amendment]: assures trial by jury in [|civil cases] involving anything valued at more than 20 [|United States dollars] at the time, which is currently worth $300, when accounting for [|inflation].
 * [|Eighth Amendment]: forbids excessive [|bail] or [|fines], and [|cruel and unusual punishment].
 * [|Ninth Amendment]: declares that the listing of individual rights in the Constitution and Bill of Rights is not meant to be comprehensive; and that the other rights not specifically mentioned are retained elsewhere by the people.
 * [|Tenth Amendment]: provides that powers that the Constitution does not delegate to the United States and does not prohibit the states from exercising, are "reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
 * [|Sixth Amendment]: guarantees a speedy public trial for criminal offenses. It requires trial by a [|jury] (of peers), guarantees the right to [|legal counsel] for the accused, and guarantees that the accused may require [|witnesses] to attend the trial and testify in the presence of the accused. It also guarantees the accused a right to know the charges against him. The Sixth Amendment has several court cases associated with it, including //[|Powell v. Alabama]//, //[|United States v. Wong Kim Ark]//, //[|Gideon v. Wainwright]//, and //[|Crawford v. Washington]//. In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled that the fifth amendment prohibition on forced self incrimination and the sixth amendment clause on right to counsel were to be made known to all persons placed under arrest, and these clauses have become known as the [|Miranda rights].
 * [|Seventh Amendment]: assures trial by jury in [|civil cases] involving anything valued at more than 20 [|United States dollars] at the time, which is currently worth $300, when accounting for [|inflation].
 * [|Eighth Amendment]: forbids excessive [|bail] or [|fines], and [|cruel and unusual punishment].
 * [|Ninth Amendment]: declares that the listing of individual rights in the Constitution and Bill of Rights is not meant to be comprehensive; and that the other rights not specifically mentioned are retained elsewhere by the people.
 * [|Tenth Amendment]: provides that powers that the Constitution does not delegate to the United States and does not prohibit the states from exercising, are "reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
 * [|Ninth Amendment]: declares that the listing of individual rights in the Constitution and Bill of Rights is not meant to be comprehensive; and that the other rights not specifically mentioned are retained elsewhere by the people.
 * [|Tenth Amendment]: provides that powers that the Constitution does not delegate to the United States and does not prohibit the states from exercising, are "reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
 * [|Tenth Amendment]: provides that powers that the Constitution does not delegate to the United States and does not prohibit the states from exercising, are "reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
 * [|Tenth Amendment]: provides that powers that the Constitution does not delegate to the United States and does not prohibit the states from exercising, are "reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."